"For the first time, the Programme on International Student Assessment (PISA) has measured the creative thinking
skills of 15-year-old students, assessing their ability to engage productively in the generation, evaluation and
improvement of ideas. As we navigate the complex environmental, social and economic changes of the 21st century,
it is crucial for students to be innovative, enterprising and to use critical and creative thinking purposefully"
Today, workers are expected to contribute to change, to continually seek ways to leverage new technologies and
adapt working methods to remain competitive. As digitalisation and artificial intelligence advance, the premium on
innovation, creativity and critical thinking increases compared to routine skills, which are more susceptible to
automation.
Yet creative thinking isn’t only about remaining competitive in the job market. It also acts as a powerful stimulus to
learning itself, deepening students’ absorption in their learning, activating higher-order cognitive skills and stimulating
emotional development and resilience and well-being."
PISA 2022 Report
OECD (2024), PISA 2022 Results (Volume III): Creative Minds, Creative Schools, PISA, OECD Publishing, Paris,
https://doi.org/10.1787/765ee8c2-en.
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