(16)
In physics, quantum entanglement or "spooky action at a distance" defines that one object cannot be fully defined without considering the other. In statistics, but mostly in the Design of Experiments we are often interested in the effect of some process or our intervention (the "treatment") on "experimental units". Experimental units may be people, parts of people, groups of people, plants, animals, etc. Design of experiments is a discipline used in Lean Six Sigma with broad applications.
Entanglement is a property of nature. Non-locality and hidden variables are two proposed mechanisms that enable the effects of entanglement. In many designs of experiments there are occasions when the mechanics do not provide enough information therefore we need to look for hidden variables and most importantly for non-locality in other words to events that do not happen in the same "location", but that are still connected.